The Ankle Joint - Clinical Anatomy
Ligaments:
Lateral ligaments of the ankle and midtarsal joints.
Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM, Gray H. Gray’s Anatomy for Students. Fourth edition. Elsevier; 2020.
Ligaments of ankle joint; posterior view.
Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM, Gray H. Gray’s Anatomy for Students. Fourth edition. Elsevier; 2020.
Subtalar joint is made up of articulation between three joint surfaces inferiorly talus with three joint surfaces superiorly calcaneus
Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM, Gray H. Gray’s Anatomy for Students. Fourth edition. Elsevier; 2020.
An illustration of the subtalar joint. The ligaments on the outside of the joint have been divided and the talus (B) has been reflected. The calcaneus (A) is visible from above. The three articular facets of the subtalar joint are illustrated, the posterior facet (green); the middle facet (pink) and the anterior facet (blue). The head of the talus articulates with the navicular bone (D) anteriorly at the talonavicular joint (C). The soft tissue ligamentous restraints are labelled. Image by Catherine Sulzmann, Medical Artist.
Peña Fernández, M., Hoxha, D., Chan, O. et al. Centre of Rotation of the Human Subtalar Joint Using Weight-Bearing Clinical Computed Tomography. Sci Rep 10, 1035 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-57912-z
Joint movements:
Proximal joint surface of the talus has a cylindrical shape with 2 cm radius and 140° arch angle that congruent to distal tibial surface with 70° arch angle. Uncovered talar joint surface allows to tibia rotates and creates ankle range of motion.
Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM, Gray H. Gray’s Anatomy for Students. Fourth edition. Elsevier; 2020.
Movement at the subtalar joint is triplanar around the single oblique oriented axis. The subtalar axis inclined 42°–45° upward anteriorly from transvers plane and inclined medially 23° from longitudinal axis of the foot
Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM, Gray H. Gray’s Anatomy for Students. Fourth edition. Elsevier; 2020.
Midtarsal (transvers tarsal) joint is consisted of talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints
Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM, Gray H. Gray’s Anatomy for Students. Fourth edition. Elsevier; 2020.
Joint movements:
Dorsal (NOT PLANTAR, image labelled incorrectly) ligaments of the midtarsal joint.
Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM, Gray H. Gray’s Anatomy for Students. Fourth edition. Elsevier; 2020.
Plantar ligaments of the midtarsal joint.
Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM, Gray H. Gray’s Anatomy for Students. Fourth edition. Elsevier; 2020.
Oblique axis of the midtarsal joint; (A) medial view, (B) lateral view.
Salih Angin, İlkşan Demirbüken. Ankle and foot complex. Elsevier eBooks. Published online January 1, 2020:411-439. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-812162-7.00023-0
Longitudinal axis of the midtarsal joint; (A) medial view, (B) dorsal view.
Salih Angin, İlkşan Demirbüken. Ankle and foot complex. Elsevier eBooks. Published online January 1, 2020:411-439. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-812162-7.00023-0
The distal intertarsal joints are between the lateral cuneiform and cuboid bones along with the naviculocuneiform joints. In addition, the cuneiform bones formed a joint among themselves are in this group. Motions of this joints are limited and allows just few degrees of pronation and supination to contribute foot movements
Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM, Gray H. Gray’s Anatomy for Students. Fourth edition. Elsevier; 2020.
(A) Collateral ligaments of metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints, (B) plantar plate beneath the metatarsal head.
Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM, Gray H. Gray’s Anatomy for Students. Fourth edition. Elsevier; 2020.
Sesamoid bones under the first metatarsal head increases the range of metatarsophalangeal joint extension.
Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM, Gray H. Gray’s Anatomy for Students. Fourth edition. Elsevier; 2020.
