<aside>
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA), commonly known as a stroke, is the sudden loss of neurological function due to a disruption in cerebral blood flow, resulting in brain tissue injury.
</aside>
What happens during a stroke? - Vaibhav Goswami
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-idw58Yo4Do
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cdNpGUvdinQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rruRwWIthbw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2i_u47EhHXc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7lpqxDEfszY
| Type | Definition | Frequency |
|---|---|---|
| Ischemic stroke | Occlusion of a cerebral artery → infarction | ~85% |
| Hemorrhagic stroke | Rupture of a vessel → intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage | ~15% |
| Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) | Temporary ischemia with full recovery within 24 hours | Often precedes stroke |
Etiologies of Ischemic Stroke:
| Mechanism | Examples |
|---|---|
| Thrombotic | Large artery atherosclerosis (e.g., ICA, MCA) |
| Embolic | Cardiac (AFib, endocarditis), paradoxical emboli |
| Lacunar | Small vessel disease (HTN, DM); affects deep nuclei |
| Hypoperfusion | Global or watershed infarcts (e.g., shock) |
Etiologies of Hemorrhagic Stroke:
| Type | Cause |
|---|---|
| Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) | Hypertension, amyloid angiopathy, AVM |
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) | Ruptured berry aneurysm (e.g., ACoA, MCA) |
| Intraventricular or subdural | Trauma, extension from ICH |