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Prostatomegaly refers to enlargement of the prostate gland beyond the normal adult volume. In radiological practice, it is most commonly encountered in the context of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), though other etiologies must be considered.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3myUTaM5hYo&t=120s

Normal Prostate Size (Adults)

• Volume: ≤ 30 mL
• Anteroposterior diameter: ~2.5–3.5 cm
• Transverse diameter: ~2.5–4.0 cm
• Craniocaudal length: ~2.5–4.0 cm

Prostate volume is calculated using the ellipsoid formula:

Length × Width × Height × 0.52

Etiology

| Benign prostatic hyperplasia (most common) | • Transition zone hyperplasia • Age-related (typically >50 years) | | --- | --- | | Prostatitis | • Acute or chronic inflammation | | Prostate carcinoma | • Usually causes focal or asymmetric enlargement rather than diffuse prostatomegaly | | Hormonal causes | • Androgen excess or therapy-related | | Post-inflammatory or post-infective enlargement | |

Clinical Relevance

• Correlates with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)
• Guides management:
  • Medical therapy
  • Surgical planning (e.g., TURP, HoLEP)
• Imaging helps assess severity and complications, not just size

Radiology

Imaging modalities