<aside>

Radicular cyst (periapical cyst) is a benign inflammatory odontogenic cyst that originates from the epithelial rests of Malassez in the periodontal ligament, typically at the apex of a non-vital tooth. It is the most common jaw cyst.

</aside>

Epidemiology

• Accounts for ~60–70% of odontogenic cysts
• More common in males
• Peak incidence: 3rd–5th decades
• Most frequent locations:
  • Maxillary anterior region
  • Mandibular premolars and molars

Etiopathogenesis

• Initiated by chronic inflammation from pulpal necrosis
• Periapical granuloma forms → triggers proliferation of epithelial rests of Malassez → cyst formation
• May remain asymptomatic or become infected

Clinical Features

• Often asymptomatic, detected incidentally on radiographs
• May present with:
  • Swelling or mild discomfort
  • Tooth mobility
  • Discharge if secondarily infected
• Always associated with a non-vital tooth

Radiology

<aside>

Radicular cysts appear as periapical, round radiolucencies with corticated margins, often in association with carious or non-vital teeth.

</aside>